In the latest decision concerning standing in data breach cases, the Fourth Circuit has vacated a district court’s dismissal and reinstated putative class action data breach litigation against the National Board of Examiners in Optometry Inc. (“NBEO”). In Hutton v. National Board of Examiners in Optometry, Inc., the court ruled that the plaintiffs alleged sufficient injury to meet the Article III standing requirement by virtue of hackers’ theft and misuse of plaintiffs personally identifiable information (“PII”), notwithstanding the absence of any allegation that the misuse had resulted in pecuniary loss to the plaintiffs. In so ruling, the Fourth Circuit struck a middle course on the question of when misuse of sensitive PII results in a sufficient injury to confer standing to sue in federal court.
Colorado Passes Far Reaching New Privacy and Cybersecurity Law
Recently, a new bill was signed by Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper, creating far reaching new requirements for entities that collect or maintain personal identifying information of Colorado residents. These requirements, which will create one of the strictest state based privacy and data breach laws in the country, will go into effect September 1, 2018. The Colorado Attorney General’s office led part of the effort to pass the new law, making enforcement a likely priority.
The new law requires organizations to maintain a policy for disposing documents with consumer data and notify Colorado residents of any potential personal information exposure no later than 30 days after discovering a data breach. The 30-day notification window does not provide for any specific exemptions (such as HIPAA) and is the shortest of any U.S. state.
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HAPPY GDPR DAY!!
If you glance at the “countdown clock” in the left hand sidebar of our blog, you’ll see that it has reached 00:00:00. GDPR Day is here. But, unlike Y2K (for those of you old enough to remember the near-hysteria), 25 May 2018 is only the beginning of the GDPR compliance road and not a “completion date.” It’s more like the new Sarbanes-Oxley.
Still Thinking about GDPR?
We are now in the 10-day countdown to the GDPR enforcement date that we’ve been talking about since 2015. If you are a charter member of Procrastinators Anonymous, or just secretly hoped that this would all go away, the sands in the hourglass are running low. Remember that this is not like Y2K. May 25 just represents the date on which the EU will start to enforce the GDPR. Compliance is ongoing and, if your company collects, processes, uses EU-origin personal data, the compliance obligation runs to you, regardless of where in the world you are located.
Here is a quick refresher list of the webinars that we’ve produced on GDPR issues. Pick a topic and get going!
EU Data Protection GDPR for Life Sciences (3/14/2018)
https://mintz.webex.com/mintz/lsr.php?RCID=12a7441da963333b01da237ca419396b
This webinar, the ninth in our EU General Data Protection Regulation Series, focuses on topics that are vital to life sciences companies seeking to come into compliance, including handling clinical study data, other scientific research, CRO and other contractor agreements, and transferring personal data outside of the EU.
Getting Your Contracts Ready for GDPR (11/16/2017)
https://mintz.webex.com/mintz/lsr.php?RCID=fe0eed5640a85a8ebb2beb6bc83e83e8
This webinar, the eighth in our EU General Data Protection Regulation Series, reviews the GDPR’s express contract requirements and discusses additional matters that you may want to address in your contracts.
Handling Human Resources Data Under Privacy Shield and the GDPR (10/5/2017)
https://mintz.webex.com/mintz/lsr.php?RCID=880eaf4c652aad528de47cde6be78578
This webinar, the seventh in our EU General Data Protection Regulation Series, reviews current options for transferring personal data, including under Privacy Shield, and previews the new landscape under GDPR.
Access, Correction and Erasure: How to Minimize the Burden (2/16/2017)
https://mintz.webex.com/mintz/lsr.php?RCID=9f6b274207228673ad6d4fe938991ee8
This webinar, the sixth in our EU General Data Protection Regulation Series, considers companies’ obligations to give individuals access to their data and to correct or erase it. We explore the new data portability requirements. The webinar concludes with some suggestions on how to make these requirements less burdensome.
Transferring Data from the EU (1/12/2017)
https://mintz.webex.com/mintz/lsr.php?RCID=f49a18275f1088209190e48151bec9ec
This webinar, the fifth in our EU General Data Protection Regulation Series, explores the ways in which the Regulation creates new avenues for data transfers, and narrows others. In particular, we consider sector-specific Commission decisions, privacy seals/certifications, the exception for non-repetitive, limited transfers, and the outlook for BCRs and Model Clauses.
Data Protection Officers: Do You Need One? (12/15/2016)
https://mintz.webex.com/mintz/lsr.php?RCID=86d1f2c36c05bcfc89eec5077f1cf921
This webinar, the fourth in our EU General Data Protection Regulation Series, examines the criteria that dictate whether or not your organization needs to appoint a Data Protection Officer. We discuss the role of the DPO, the significance of the “independence” requirement, and the qualifications required to hold the position.
Good-bye to the Cure-all: The New Rules on Consent (11/10/2016)
https://mintz.webex.com/mintz/lsr.php?RCID=de3b01c1f3d3828f8b8d12dc585a8cfe
This webinar, the third in our EU General Data Protection Regulation Series, reviews the new restrictions on relying on user consent to data processing and data transfers. In addition to the general “imbalance of power” problem, we consider the implications of the Directive on unfair terms in consumer contracts and changes that may need to be made to terms of use and privacy policies when dealing with consumers.
Accountability, Data Security, Data Impact Assessments and Breach Notification Requirements (10/13/2016)
https://mintz.webex.com/mintz/lsr.php?RCID=dadbef107c41c287059e1dcf0db3cc49
This webinar, the second in our EU General Data Protection Regulation Series, focuses on the data security and accountability requirements of the Regulation, including reviews and documentation of internal policies and procedures and data impact assessments. We also explore the breach notification requirements and actions that companies can take in advance to mitigate the need for breach notification.
One-Stop Shopping Mall? The New Regulatory Structure (9/14/2016)
https://mintz.webex.com/mintz/lsr.php?RCID=9b389aa85bb81e0af962ff4a5d8226df
This webinar, the first in our EU General Data Protection Regulation Series, explains the powers and role of the new European Data Protection Board, how a “lead supervisory authority” will be designated for each controller, and how the lead supervisory authority will interact with other interested supervisory authorities. We also look at the complaint process from the point of view of the individual who is claiming a violation, and explore the likely role that will be played by public interest organizations bringing group complaints.
FTC Puts Kids’ Smart Watch Companies in Time Out for COPPA Violation
Answering the centuries’ old question, it appears it is the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) that watches the watchmen. The FTC sent warning letters to a pair of foreign app developers cautioning them that their practices of collecting children’s geolocation data without parental consent may be in violation of the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (“COPPA”). The letters warned China-based Gator Group Co. Ltd. and recently-defunct Sweden-based Tinitell, Inc. that companies targeting U.S. children must comply with U.S. privacy laws regardless of where they are based. The FTC also sent copies of the warning letters to the Apple App Store and the Google Play Store, which make the apps available to consumers. While the apps give parents peace of mind by enabling them to track their children’s location to ensure they are safe, that benefit is negated when parents are not aware that that information is being collected and stored in a way that enables others to access that same data.
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Supreme Court to Review Use of Charitable Donation to Settle Privacy Claims Against Google
A challenge to the use of a cy pres charitable donations to settle privacy claims against Google will be heard by the Supreme Court. In Frank v. Gaos, petitioners seek reversal of lower court decisions rejecting their objection to an $8.5 million settlement of claims arising from Google’s transmission of users’ search terms to third-party websites. Because the proposed settlement amount could not feasibly be distributed to the estimated 129 million class members, the settlement called for Google to pay the settlement proceeds, less class counsel fees, to certain privacy-related charities. The trial court awarded 25% of the settlement — or $2.125 million – to class counsel; the balance went to the charities. The petitioner’s objections to the settlement were overruled.
Mintz Matrix Updated – Data Breach Laws in All 50 States
With the recent enactment of data breach notification laws in South Dakota and Alabama, all 50 US states now have laws regulating data breach notification. We’ve updated the Mintz Matrix (maintained by the Mintz Privacy Team for nearly 10 years) to provide you with the latest information.
Managing the differing requirements remains a challenge, and points to the need for updated incident response plans. As an example, the chart below outlines the different timelines for notification. The Mintz Matrix contains information on all of these, and more.
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Failure to Signal: Uber Forced to Accept Expanded Settlement after Concealing Security Breach from FTC
Uber Technologies, Inc. (“Uber”) has agreed to an expansion of its initial August 2017 proposed consent agreement with the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”), in light of revelations of an additional security breach in October 2016, which it knew about but did not disclose until November 2017, after it settled over its initial May 2014 breach. The second security breach occurred right in the middle of the FTC’s nonpublic investigation into Uber’s security practices from the initial breach; nevertheless, Uber failed to disclose the breach. Both breaches resulted from Uber’s lax security practices and Acting FTC Chairman Maureen K. Ohlhausen described them as “strikingly similar.” In light of the additional information, the FTC withdrew from the original proposed settlement it reached after the May 2014 breach, expanded the terms, and threatened to fine Uber for future incidents. In an attempt by new CEO Dara Khosrowshahi to set a new tone for the company, Uber agreed to the revised terms on April 12. Continue Reading Failure to Signal: Uber Forced to Accept Expanded Settlement after Concealing Security Breach from FTC
Facebook Stops Funding Opposition to California Privacy Focused Ballot Act
Facebook has recently chosen to no longer fund opposition to the California Consumer Privacy Act, which could appear on the California State Ballot as an initiated state statute on November 6, 2018. According to the petition summary the potential statute would:
Gives consumers right to learn categories of personal information that businesses collect, sell, or disclose about them, and to whom information is sold or disclosed. Gives consumers right to prevent businesses from selling or disclosing their personal information. Prohibits businesses from discriminating against consumers who exercise these rights. Allows consumers to sue businesses for security breaches of consumers’ data, even if consumers cannot prove injury. Allows for enforcement by consumers, whistleblowers, or public agencies. Imposes civil penalties. Applies to online and brick-and-mortar businesses that meet specific criteria.
Continue Reading Facebook Stops Funding Opposition to California Privacy Focused Ballot Act
Will the GDPR Ease Cross-Border Data Transfers for Purposes of E-Discovery?
As the clock ticks down to May 25, 2018, when the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) becomes fully enforceable throughout the EU, the Internet and airwaves have become saturated with guidance for companies about what to expect and how to prepare for its new protections and restrictions. However, we’ve seen little intelligence for companies and their litigation counsel in situations where electronically-stored information (“ESI”) containing “personal data” resides in the EU and is relevant to discovery requests in American civil litigation.
In many ways, the process and procedures relating to transfers of personal data to the U.S. under the GDPR are similar – and similarly burdensome – to those of the existing privacy regime. However, the GDPR does introduce new transfer options and clarifies others. It has also added record-keeping and compliance reporting requirements as well as hefty penalties for non-compliance.
Our GDPR e-discovery series will examine these new and clarified transfer options for ESI containing personal data. We begin our series with a newly added transfer option – the Hail Mary pass of transfer options – contained in a GDPR provision permitting a one-time limited transfer where necessary to further a “compelling interest” of the transferring party.
Continue Reading Will the GDPR Ease Cross-Border Data Transfers for Purposes of E-Discovery?